An Appraisal of the Challenges in Implementing Universal Health Coverage: A Study of Hospitals in Benue State
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Background of the Study
Universal Health Coverage (UHC) ensures that all individuals and communities receive the health services they need without suffering financial hardship. In Nigeria, UHC has been a key objective of healthcare reforms aimed at improving access, equity, and quality of care (World Bank, 2024). Benue State, like many others in Nigeria, faces significant challenges in achieving UHC due to issues such as inadequate healthcare infrastructure, workforce shortages, and limited financial resources.
The implementation of UHC in Benue State involves the provision of primary healthcare services, health insurance schemes, and the integration of public and private healthcare sectors. Despite these efforts, gaps in service delivery and financial protection persist, affecting the achievement of UHC goals (Ojo et al., 2025). This study appraises the challenges in implementing UHC in Benue State and explores potential solutions.
Statement of the Problem
Achieving UHC in Benue State is hindered by systemic challenges, including insufficient funding, poor infrastructure, and inequities in healthcare access. Additionally, issues such as corruption and inefficiencies in health insurance schemes undermine efforts to expand coverage.
This study examines the challenges in implementing UHC in Benue State, focusing on the barriers to access, financing, and service quality.
Objectives of the Study
1. To identify the challenges in implementing UHC in Benue State.
2. To assess the impact of these challenges on healthcare access and equity.
3. To propose strategies for overcoming barriers to UHC implementation.
Research Questions
1. What challenges hinder the implementation of UHC in Benue State?
2. How do these challenges impact healthcare access and equity?
3. What strategies can address barriers to UHC implementation?
Research Hypotheses
1. H₀: Challenges in UHC implementation do not significantly affect healthcare access in Benue State.
2. H₀: UHC implementation challenges do not significantly impact equity in healthcare services.
3. H₀: Proposed strategies do not significantly improve UHC implementation in Benue State.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on hospitals in Benue State, evaluating the challenges of implementing UHC and their impact on healthcare access and equity. Limitations include variations in the level of UHC implementation across facilities and potential biases in stakeholder responses.
Definitions of Terms
Universal Health Coverage (UHC): Ensuring access to essential health services without financial hardship.
Equity in Healthcare: Fair distribution of healthcare resources and services among populations.
Health Insurance Schemes: Financial mechanisms designed to protect individuals from the cost of healthcare services.
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